From: Clinical examination of the knee: know your tools for diagnosis of knee injuries
Injury Pattern | Injured Structure | Tests |
---|---|---|
Anteromedial Instability | ACL + MCL + MM | valgus stress, anterior drawer, Lachman |
Anterolateral Instability | ACL + LC + LM | valgus stress, anterior drawer, Lachman, pivot shift |
Posterolateral Instability | PLC | external rotation, dial, recurvatum, posterolateral drawer |
Posteromedial Instability | MCL + ACL + PMC | valgus stress, posterior drawer, Lachman |
Anteromedial + Anterolateral Instability | ACL + MCL + lateral capsule (PCL intact) | anterior drawer, Lachman, pivot shift, valgus stress |
Posteromedial + Posterolateral Instability | ACL + MCL +PLC (PCL intact) | anterior drawer, Lachman, pivot shift, valgus stress, varus stress |